Systematic Literature Review: Arsitektur, Mekanisme Teknis, dan Metrik Kinerja pada Penerapan Blockchain di Sektor Kesehatan

Shesyl Yulia Noor Diwani; Cindy Jumaida; Daud Sihar Surung Putra Anugerah Daeli; Natalis Pardamean Situmorang; Anelka Winata Perangin Angin; Yohana Angeliana Sianturi; Muhammad Abdillah Helmi Rasyid; Sudarto Sudarto

doi:10.54914/jtt.v12i1.2691

Penulis

Shesyl Yulia Noor Diwani Universitas Mikroskil
Cindy Jumaida Universitas Mikroskil
Daud Sihar Surung Putra Anugerah Daeli Universitas Mikroskil
Natalis Pardamean Situmorang Universitas Mikroskil
Anelka Winata Perangin - Angin Universitas Mikroskil
Yohana Angeliana Sianturi Universitas Mikroskil
Muhammad Abdillah Helmi Rasyid Universitas Mikroskil
Sudarto Universitas Mikroskil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54914/jtt.v12i1.2691

Kata Kunci:

Blockchain, Data Pasien, PRISMA, Rantai Pasok Obat, Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

Abstrak

Implementasi teknologi digital secara masif di sektor kesehatan mendorong kebutuhan akan sistem pengelolaan data yang transparan, aman, dan dapat dipercaya, terutama terkait data pasien dan rantai pasok obat yang bersifat sensitif. Teknologi blockchain dipandang sebagai solusi potensial karena karakteristiknya yang terdesentralisasi, imutabel, dan transparan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis penggunaan teknologi blockchain di bidang kesehatan, dengan fokus pada transparansi data pasien serta efisiensi rantai pasok obat. Menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis pedoman PRISMA, penelitian ini menelaah 18 artikel terindeks Scopus (Q1-Q3) terbitan 2020-2025. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa platform Hyperledger Fabric dan arsitektur Permissioned Blockchain mendominasi karena efisiensi dan kesesuaiannya untuk sistem konsorsium. Teknologi pendukung utama yang diterapkan meliputi smart contracts, penyimpanan off-chain berbasis IPFS, serta mekanisme konsensus PoA dan PBFT. Secara empiris, penerapan blockchain terbukti memperbaiki efisiensi transaksi, keterlacakan rantai pasok, serta integritas dan keamanan data pasien. Namun, tantangan teknis seperti skalabilitas, interoperabilitas, dan kepatuhan regulasi privasi global masih menjadi hambatan. Kajian ini berkontribusi dalam memetakan arsitektur serta tren teknologi blockchain kesehatan, sekaligus menawarkan arah penelitian masa depan terkait optimalisasi kinerja dan adopsi sistem.

Unduhan

Data unduhan belum tersedia.

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